Journalist Hiroko Tabuchi embarked on a cross-country train journey from New York to Stanford University, aiming to reduce her carbon footprint compared to flying. However, she discovered that her train trip emitted more planet-warming emissions than a flight would have. The journey provided breathtaking views but was also challenging, with limited amenities and connectivity. Tabuchi’s emissions calculation revealed that Amtrak trains, especially those running on diesel fuel and older models, can be less environmentally friendly than flying for long distances. While shorter train journeys generally have lower emissions, planes become more efficient for distances exceeding 700 miles due to factors like takeoff fuel consumption and aircraft size. Despite the environmental advantages of trains and the potential for electrification, challenges remain, including the ownership of tracks by freight companies and the slow pace of infrastructure updates.

https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/04/climate/trains-planes-carbon-footprint-pollution.html